Serum Osmolality

Calculate serum osmolality and osmolar gap.

Results

Visualization

How It Works

Serum osmolality is calculated as: (2 x Na) + (Glucose/18) + (BUN/2.8), with a normal range of 275-295 mOsm/kg. The osmolar gap (measured minus calculated) should be less than 10. An elevated gap suggests unmeasured osmoles such as methanol, ethylene glycol, isopropanol, or ethanol and requires urgent investigation.

Last updated: March 15, 2026 · Reviewed by the NursingCalcs Editorial Team